Which physician specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases of the urinary system and male genitourinary structures?

• A. Nephrologist
• B. Urologist
• C. Nephrosis
• D. Anuria

Answer: (B)

A urologist is the physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases of the urinary system and male genitourinary structures. This field covers the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, as well as the male reproductive organs such as the prostate, testes, and penis. Urologists manage conditions like kidney stones, urinary infections, cancers of the urinary tract, incontinence, and problems related to the prostate or male genitalia, including surgical issues when needed. This scope distinguishes them from a nephrologist, who focuses more on kidney function and systemic kidney diseases (often medical rather than surgical), and from terms like nephrosis or anuria, which refer to disease states rather than a physician.