What is the medical specialist who diagnoses and treats diseases of the kidney called?

• A. Nephrologist
• B. Urologist
• C. Renal failure
• D. Uremia

Answer: (A)

The main idea is identifying the medical field that focuses on kidney diseases and their medical management. A nephrologist is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases of the kidneys. They handle conditions like chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury, electrolyte and acid-base disorders, and hypertension related to kidney problems. They also manage therapies such as dialysis and coordinate transplant evaluation when needed. In contrast, a urologist is a surgeon who treats structural or surgical issues of the urinary tract, such as kidney stones or cancers, often requiring procedures rather than ongoing medical management. Renal failure and uremia describe the condition and its toxin buildup, not a doctor. So, the specialist who diagnoses and treats kidney diseases is a nephrologist.